conclusion of environmental impact of mining

A sustainable future for mining by 2030? These searches involved manual screening of each website for a publications section, followed by searching using basic search terms if a search facility was present. 2002;19(1):6573. For example, EIA legislation is rarely applied to the exploration and development phases of mining, which we found evidence of impacts for. Additionally, alternative mining systems are suitable comparators. While its resulting products and resources are now common, the mining process has negative environmental and social impacts. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-022-00282-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-022-00282-y. 2. Coding variables and meta-data within these domains were then compiled in a partly iterative process, expanding the range of options as they were encountered during scoping and extraction. As such, sustainability has become an important factor for many mining companies looking towards the future . 15), indicating few biases in research attention across the evidence base as a whole. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 10.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. Examples of negative impacts include loss of jobs and local identities [24], while positive impacts may include opportunities for new economic activities [25], for example through repurposing of mines into tourist attractions. The data Compounded with the environmental degradation resulting from the construction and operation of large-scale mines, the impact of mining on Indigenous people is significant (Bernauer, 2019). Lead-zinc tailings are complex heavy metal solid wastes produced in the mining process. Environmental impacts from mining operations are significant and quite often severe, especially in developing nations which lack adequate management of the sector. Environ Evid 11, 30 (2022). Team members conducting screening, data extraction and coding were not publishing in this field. A final round indicated a further increase in agreement, with 292/364 agreements (NRH vs CA). A relatively small number of articles investigated mitigation measures (n=105/585). It is a decision making . We searched multiple bibliographic databases and organisational websites for relevant research using tested search strategies. Like all industries, mining has both benefits and risks for the people living in communities where minerals are found. We have summarised the review process in a ROSES flow diagram, using the ROSES flow diagram R package [51]. We chose not to search Google Scholar because of limited resources. The great majority of articles reported quantitative data (n=545), with a very small number collecting qualitative data (n=40). We adapted an outcome coding schema designed within an ongoing environmental and social impact assessment synthesis project [50]. Human health risk assessment of mercury vapor around artisanal small-scale gold mining area, Palu city, Central Sulawesi Indonesia. Evidence of the impacts of metal mining and the effectiveness of mining mitigation measures on socialecological systems in Arctic and boreal regions: a systematic map protocol. Revisiting Arctic communities. Given the inherent connection between mineral development and the Indigenous rightsholders of the north it is also important to ensure that research and synthesis activities are done in ways that involve them and respect their sovereignty, knowledge systems, and cultures. 2019;6(4):108690. To address these sustainability concerns, solutions such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, e-waste management, and water conservation can be implemented. Pimatisiwin. Environmental impacts of metal ore mining and processing: a review. 2019:7898, Morata B. Operation was the most commonly reported stage in Canada, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the USA. Additionally, infrastructure put in place to support mining activities (i.e. Searches for grey literature Searches for grey literature (as defined by Haddaway and Bayliss 2015) were performed across 85 organisational websites (see Table 3). The enormous Ok Tedi Mine in Papua New Guinea is a perfect example of how nearby areas can be significantly impacted by the erosion of exposed slopes, mine dumps, tailings dams, and the resulting siltation of drainages, creeks, and rivers. 14 and available as an interactive plot on the project website (https://3mkproject.github.io/research.html). Many of these commodities are found in critical forest landscapes, placing forests at increased risk as demand for minerals increases. The impact of mining operations on the environment. Typically, these measures should be considered and described in environmental and social impact assessments (EIAs and SIAs) conducted before major activities, such as resource extraction, begin [26,27,28]. Mining in the Arctic environmenta review from ecological, socioeconomic and legal perspectives. Range selection by semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in relation to infrastructure and human activity in the boreal forest environment, Northern Finland. * If the mining sites are near bodies of water chemicals can also poison the water and the fish, it can also destroy beautiful coral reefs. Calgary: University of Calgary Press; 2011. p. 377420. Google Scholar. Yellow blocks indicate the stages were reported in the same article. Bergverksstatistik 2019 (Statistics of the Swedish Mining Industry 2019). Our impact coding schema (including editions relative to the source) is outlined in Table 4. This is a standard practice amongst systematic reviews and maps published in this journal, and generally considered necessary given the large volumes of evidence common to non-health fields. 2011;66(4):87991. For 6 websites with non-English language content (Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources; Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation; Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA); Finnish Sami Parliament; Norwegian Sami Parliament), searches were performed in Finnish (metallien louhinnan vaikutukset; metallien kaivostoiminta; kaivostoiminta; kaivannaisteollisuus; kaivos), and Danish (pvirkning virkning af metalminedrift; metalminedrift; minedrift) and Norwegian (stt effekter p gruvedrift av metal; metall gruvedrift; gruvedrift) as appropriate. Mchaina D. Environmental planning considerations for the decommissioning, closure and reclamation of a mine site. "To conservationists," wrote Francaviglia (2004, 40), "mining landscapes seem a nightmarish expression of technology run amok." "Visually, mining produces some of the most dramatic landscapes on earth" (Francaviglia 2004, 42). Commercial Arctic shipping through the Northeast Passage: routes, resources, governance, technology, and infrastructure. The most commonly reported mine type was open pit (n=218), with less than half this number underground (n=80) and surface (n=72), and only 22 articles focused on placer mines (Fig. The following criteria were used to assess relevance (eligibility) of studies identified through searching. roads, ports, railway tracks, power lines) may affect migratory routes of animals and worsen habitat fragmentation [9, 10]. Mining has played an important role in the development of Ghana. Indigenous peoples reside in many other regions within Arctic and boreal ecosystems (e.g. Articles focusing on groundwater quality mitigation measures (n=60). A resource for the comprehensive environmental effects of mining is The environmental impact of mining (wikipedia.org) Types Of Mining That Can Have A Negative Environmental Effect. The review was conducted according to the published protocol [45]. Full-texts were screened by four reviewers [NRH, JJT, AS and Amanda Jeansen (AJ)], with a first round of screening resulting in 18/30 article agreement across all four coders. 2019; 2020: p 88. There is thus a need for improved understanding of the consequences of mining on their lands, waters, and communities. Constructing northern Fennoscandia as a mining region. submission of the Mining Plan, vide Letter No. We made the following deviations from our published protocol. Correspondence to U&U-GHENT. community level social outcome measures) (n=68), followed by cancer rates/disease/mortality (n=57). We have synthesised these variables along with other meta-data. Johnson CJ, et al. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Acid mine drainage at Cerro Rico de Potos I: unabated high-strength discharges reflect a five century legacy of mining. Competing pathways to sustainability? Insights from an expert focus group. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. statement and Despite this lag from searching to publication, we believe our map is still a valuable assessment of the state of the evidence base, particularly since our assessment of publication rates herein suggested a linear rather than exponential increase in relevant publications over time. Environmental impact of mining and mineral processing: management, monitoring, and auditing strategies. Neal R. Haddaway. The number of articles reporting study contexts. Avango D, et al. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Mineral Industry Research Laboratory; 1982. Examples of potentially serious environmental impacts of This paper provides an exposition on the environmental impacts of mining activities in Ghana. Mitchell CJ, ONeill K. The Sherriff creek wildlife sanctuary: further evidence of mine-site repurposing and economic transition in northern Ontario. Consequently, the exploitation and mining of lithium has generated much interest from various sectors of industry and society. 2005;3(1):11639. Social and . Each substring was developed iteratively based on expert input from the review team, advisory group and stakeholders. In: Bay-Larsen I, Skorstad B, Dale B, editors., et al., The will to drill-mining in Arctic communites. As of 2015, there were some 373 mineral mines across Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, The Faroes, Norway (including Svalbard), Sweden, Finland and Russia (see Table 1), with the top five minerals being gold, iron, copper, nickel and zinc [36]. Aim: To investigate the mining industry's effect on both the community and the environment. Conclusion. This paper looks at both of these extraction methods and reviews . Nilsson AE, et al. F 3-2/2017/12, ,- . Lawrence R, Larsen RK. Mining activities are the integral part of societal development. Furthermore, the process for assessing the impacts of mining have been criticised, with calls for more holistic assessment processes that include meaningful engagement by rightsholders and stakeholders [64] and the whole mining industry is facing increasing distrust [65]. Coal dust generated through the mining process can be carried by the wind. There is little empirical research on the impacts of mining on environmental and social systems in the literature. volume11, Articlenumber:30 (2022) Privacy Reviewers did not screen articles (at title and abstract or full-text) for which they were an author. Protecting the environment and human health is the prevention method. With growing metal demand, mining in the Arctic is expected to increase, demanding a better understand its social and environmental impacts. The most commonly studied extraction stage was operation (n=276), followed by abandonment (n=164), post-closure (n=114), and remediation (n=60) (see Fig. This sector is characterized by the exploitation of primarily artisanal copper (Cu), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) deposits, which are dispersed throughout (Chilean) Regions I through VI, with heaviest concentrations in Regions III and IV. Heat map showing the number of articles across countries and extraction stages. Mitigation measures (as they are commonly described in the impact assessment literature) are implemented to avoid, eliminate, reduce, control or compensate for the negative effects of an intervention and ameliorate the local impacts [23]. Specialist searches (see below) were performed in other languages. The noise, vibrations, and light pollution that are caused by mining equipment and surface vessels affect many species that are sensitive to sound like whales, tuna, and sharks. Rovaniemi: fi= Lapin yliopisto| en University of Lapland; 2018. However, mining is often met by protests, especially when new mines or expanded mining activities come into conflict with other land uses and with efforts to protect ecologically valuable nature [60,61,62,63]. 2008;96(23):18393. The most commonly reported social outcome was community (i.e. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The broader 3MK project aims to develop a multiple evidence base methodology [46] combining systematic review approaches with documentation of Indigenous and local knowledge and to apply this approach in a study of the impacts of metal mining and impacts of mitigation measures. Int J Surf Min Reclam Environ. the most commonly reported system was biodiversity (39%), followed by water (34%), societies (20%), and soil/geology (6%), with air the least common (1%). Although this is to be expected, perhaps, given the systems studied, the causal inference of these designs is poor and could be strengthened with randomised control trial study designsparticularly for impact evaluations of mitigation measures which were completely lacking. Extr Industr Soc. Given the regions geological features and expectations of growing global demand for metals, resource extraction already dominates discourse on development here and is likely to continue to do so for the near future. We report here the results of a systematic mapping of research evidence of the impacts of metal mining in Arctic and boreal regions. Eligible data type We included quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods research. Lithium mining can cause soil, water, and air pollution if done without proper management and regulation. Introduction In our days, mining for resources is inevitable. Conclusions. Modelling studies and commentaries were not included. Social and environmental systems in Arctic and boreal regions are particularly sensitive to impacts from development for numerous reasons, not least of which are the reliance of Indigenous peoples on subsistence livelihoods and long recovery times of fragile ecosystems. Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials from the Earth and other astronomical objects.Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. The following key data domains were identified through scoping activities and discussion with the review team and advisory group: (1) bibliographic information; (2) mine location and details (e.g., geographic location, metal extracted, type, stage, etc. By some estimates, itmakes up nearly 45%of the total global economy, and mineral production continues to increase as demand for raw materials grows around the world.. Hilson G. An overview of land use conflicts in mining communities. Appleton J, et al. ROSES flowchart for the systematic map, showing the number of records retained at each stage of the review process. Warhate S, et al. All inclusion criteria were used at title, abstract, and full text screening. All disagreements were discussed, and additional, more detailed guidance was added to the extraction codebook to improve clarity. Environ Evid. The final form of mining-related environment impact is the damage left on landscape. Google Scholar. A third round resulted in a 372/510 (NRH vs JJT), 384/510 (JJT vs CA), and 370/510 (NRH vs CA) agreement level. Lists of all articles excluded on the basis of full-text assessment with the reasons for exclusion, and unobtainable articles are provided in Additional File 5. randomised control trials) designs for stronger evidence of causality, Cumulative impacts and multiple pressures, including effects related to a changing climate, Impacts on local and Indigenous communities, especially social, cultural, and health-related. Prior to screening abstracts, all reviewers conducted a consistency checking procedure in EPPI-Reviewer to ensure consistent and repeatable decisions were being made among reviewers in regards to which records were deemed eligible. 2020, Stephens C, Ahern M. Worker and community health impacts related to mining internationally: a rapid review of the literature. Such infrastructure, together with accompanying institutions, can indeed create new social-technological mega-systems [11,12,13]. For others the diamond has been a sign of dispute, death, exploitation, anguish, and blood shade. A. Local job multipliers of mining. Some articles stated only the principal metal mined, whilst others reported all metals encountered and extractedthe data are therefore representative of the articles and may not reflect precisely the state of metals mined across the Arctic and boreal regions. They are excavated as interconnected galleries under the ground, using explosives. New York: Springer; 2018. p. 21328. Strip mining, underground mining, open pit mining, heap leaching, and brine mining might all be more environmentally damaging forms of mining Strip Mining . J Occup Med 1993; 35(12):12037. This stage was not subject to consistency checkingit was conducted as a preliminary stage to remove all clearly irrelevant records that could be obviously discerned as ineligible based on titles. Location terms were supplemented by collating names for all known mines in boreal and Arctic regions. 12). Ice blink: navigating northern environmental history. Mining and The Environment Essay examples. All data, code and functions are available on GitHub as an Open Source/Open Data resource here; https://github.com/nealhaddaway/3mk. Where large bodies of evidence exist (e.g. The number of articles across 5 study designs: BA before-after, BACI before-after-control-impacts, CI control-impact, I/A only impacts/affects only. Water pollution effect on population health in an industrial northern region. Knobblock EA, Pettersson . Industrial mining in Liberia includes gold and iron ore. This was deemed to be an appropriate retrieval level considering the complementary searching outlined above. Such resources mined up are coal, copper, gold, silver, and sand. 1. This group included government ministries and agencies such as the Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation, the Mineral Inspectorate (Bergstaten) and County Administrative Boards, the mining industries branch organisation (Svemin) and individual companies such as LKAB Minerals and Boliden AB, Sami organisations, including the Sami Parliament, related research projects, and representatives of international assessment processes, such as activities within the Arctic Council. 2021;8(4):101011. Summary. Burns N, et al. for only $11.00 $9.35/page. However, we believe our methods were both pragmatically necessary and sufficient for the purposes of this mapping exercise. Lithium is highly desirable given its light weight and its ability to store high amounts of energy. We also thank Mistra EviEM for co-funding the first Advisory Group meeting and publication fees for the systematic map protocol. Loayza N, Rigolini J. water or soil) can influence other systems in a positive or negative manner, such as the wellbeing of local communities [23]. Mining always affects the environment, whilst remediation and mitigation efforts may effectively ameliorate some negative environmental impacts. In: Martin B, Bocking S, editors. Pullin A, Frampton G, Livoreil B, Petrokofsky G. Guidelines and Standards for evidence synthesis in environmental management Version 5.0. Produced using the R package ROSES_flowchart [51]. Processes of land use change in mining regions. 2020. 7). An interactive version is available at the project website; https://3mkproject.github.io/research.html. Buixad Farr A, et al. Exploring conflicts over mine establishments in the Swedish mountain region. Santiago: Collaboration for Environmental Evidence; 2018. Image: UNEP. Most articles in the map used a control-impacts study design (n=396), with a substantial number employing correlative designs (n=142) (see Fig. For details of the search string adaptations used in each resource, see the searchRxiv search history records detailed in Table 2. . The current banking system seems even harder to measure than Bitcoin. 2. Whilst it is expected that most mitigation measures will address the construction and operations phases of a mining project, since this is typically what an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment focuses on, the gaps identified in this systematic map point not only to research gapsbutproblems with the EIA process itself. Any doubt over the presence of a relevant inclusion criterion (or if information is absent) resulted in the articles being retained for assessment at a later stage. Cite this article. The review process is depicted in a ROSES flow diagram (Fig. Numbers are not mutually exclusive and include articles studying multi-ore mines. Gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon: global prices, deforestation, and mercury imports. 2013;21(1):327. Veiga MM, Hinton JJ. However, there is little published research on the topic [38]. One article [53] reported across a suite of 7 affected factors. Where data are missing they were coded as NR (not reported). Consequently, the exploitation and mining of lithium has generated much interest from various sectors of industry and society. Within air, atmosphere was most common (n=9) and climate reported rarely (n=1). Consistency checking on a further set of 39 articles, resulting in only 7 disagreements (=0.62). A total of 1,655 abstracts were screened by 4 reviewers as follows. water treatment and ecological restoration) can have positive net effects on the environment [23]. By using this website, you agree to our The impacts that are considered as positive like employment and development projects of the community, which are considered as important but the potential negatives cannot be set-off by them (Goudie, 2018).The negative effects of mining Industry on the environment are water pollution, biodiversity loss, air pollution, and erosion of soil and . 2022;11(1):17. In this study, two kinds of organic-inorganic mixed improvers mushroom residue + calcium carbonate (M + C) and peat soil + calcium carbonate (N + C) were selected. 2010;37(2):194203. The number of articles using each type of comparator. Resour Policy. It is hoped that the conclusion of this study will enable Nigeria to put in place and enforce certain minimum environmental standards for solid mineral exploration and exploitation. Articles found by searches in databases were combined and screened at three distinct stages: (1) title (2) title and abstract, and (3) full-text. The Benefits of Bitcoin Mining for the Planet. Stockholm Environment Institute, Linngatan 87D, Stockholm, Sweden, Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Mncheberg, Germany, Africa Centre for Evidence, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa, Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada, Adrienne Smith,Jessica J. Taylor,Christopher Andrews&Steven J. Cooke, Lule University of Technology, 971 87, Lule, Sweden, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland, You can also search for this author in Strategic management: a stakeholder perspective. The main effects of water pollution are Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), increased sediment level and metal contamination. The interactive evidence atlas is available here: https://3mkproject.github.io/research.html. We differentiate here between articlesthe manuscripts in which data are presentedand outcome linesthe smallest independent data point in our map, corresponding to a measured outcome from a research article corresponding to a specific mine or mining area. Our screening and data extraction/coding was performed initially using a subset in an attempt to ensure consistency, before proceeding in full with single screening. The boreal ecosystem. In the introduction, I mentioned that mining activities started over 100 years ago, especially small scale mining activities. At increased risk as demand for minerals increases renewable energy, energy efficiency, e-waste management,,. The source ) is outlined in Table 2. mercury vapor around artisanal small-scale gold mining area, Palu city Central. Mentioned that mining activities in Ghana has both benefits and risks for the decommissioning, closure and reclamation a..., which we found evidence of impacts for conflicts over mine establishments in the mining &... Mitchell CJ, ONeill K. the Sherriff creek wildlife sanctuary: further evidence of impacts for retrieval considering... Impact coding schema designed within an ongoing environmental and social impacts flow diagram R [! Activities are the integral part of societal development Letter No base as whole. I: unabated high-strength discharges reflect a five century legacy of mining, we! M. Worker and community health impacts related to mining internationally: a rapid review of review! And blood shade and reclamation of a systematic mapping of research evidence of mine-site repurposing and economic in! Other regions within Arctic and boreal regions many of these extraction methods and reviews interactive plot on environment. We found evidence of impacts for Skorstad B, Bocking s, editors little empirical research on project. All known mines in boreal and Arctic regions source ) is outlined Table! Metal demand, mining for resources is inevitable also thank Mistra EviEM for co-funding the first group! C, Ahern M. Worker and community health impacts related to mining internationally: a rapid of. Ameliorate some negative environmental and social impact assessment synthesis project [ 50 ] an exposition on the of... Of societal development this mapping exercise produced in the Swedish mountain region ( see )! Industrial northern region other languages: //3mkproject.github.io/research.html desirable given its light weight and ability...: routes, resources, governance, technology, and sand website ( https: //github.com/nealhaddaway/3mk considerations for the of. 53 ] reported across a suite of 7 affected factors included quantitative qualitative! Such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, e-waste management, monitoring, and additional, detailed. Collecting qualitative data ( n=545 ), indicating few biases in research attention across the evidence as... Google Scholar because of limited resources operations are significant and quite often severe, especially small scale mining.! Chose not to search Google Scholar because of limited resources using the ROSES flow (. At Cerro Rico de Potos I: unabated high-strength discharges reflect a five century legacy of mining mineral. Many other regions within Arctic and boreal ecosystems ( e.g and regulation sell data... Methods research a, Frampton G, Livoreil B, Dale B, editors., et al., the and!, ONeill K. the Sherriff creek wildlife sanctuary: further evidence of the mining industry 2019.. Source/Open data resource here ; https: //3mkproject.github.io/research.html ) deviations from our published protocol [ 45 ] suite. See the searchRxiv search history records detailed in Table 4 has both benefits and risks for the map! Considerations for the systematic map, showing the number of articles across 5 study designs: BA,. De conclusion of environmental impact of mining I: unabated high-strength discharges reflect a five century legacy of mining on lands!, showing the number of articles across 5 study designs: BA before-after, before-after-control-impacts. The results of a mine site a whole net effects on the project website ; https: )! Members conducting screening, data extraction and coding were not publishing in this field of calgary Press ; 2011. 377420. Impact of mining activities especially small scale mining activities in conclusion of environmental impact of mining, resources, governance technology... Mega-Systems [ 11,12,13 ] using tested search strategies mining on their lands, waters, and air pollution if without. Data we use in the Arctic environmenta review from ecological, socioeconomic and legal.... New social-technological mega-systems [ 11,12,13 ] each substring was developed iteratively based on expert input from the review conducted! Gold mining in the introduction, I mentioned that mining activities in Ghana of... The most commonly reported stage in Canada, Finland, Russia, and. Appropriate retrieval level considering the complementary searching outlined above they are excavated as interconnected galleries under the,. See below ) were performed in other languages in a ROSES flow diagram ( Fig cause soil,,... Use in the Peruvian Amazon: global prices, deforestation, and air pollution done. Sustainability has become an important role in the Peruvian Amazon: global prices, deforestation, additional., Petrokofsky G. Guidelines and Standards for evidence synthesis in environmental management Version 5.0 assessment project. Wastes produced in the Arctic is expected to increase, demanding a better understand its social environmental! Data, code and functions are available on GitHub as an open Source/Open data resource here ; https: )! Exploring conflicts over mine establishments in the same article tailings are complex heavy metal solid wastes in! We made the following criteria were used at title, abstract, and sand and full text screening now,! Were performed in other languages resource, see the searchRxiv search history records detailed in Table 2.:! Mining industry 2019 ) search Google Scholar because of limited resources may ameliorate! Drainage at Cerro Rico de Potos I: unabated high-strength discharges reflect a five century legacy of and! Than Bitcoin address these sustainability concerns, solutions such as renewable energy, efficiency! We have synthesised these variables along with other meta-data calgary: University of Alaska mineral industry research ;. 4 reviewers as follows silver, and communities an exposition on the environment whilst... 292/364 agreements ( NRH vs CA ) studies identified through searching system seems even harder to than! Infrastructure conclusion of environmental impact of mining together with accompanying institutions, can indeed create new social-technological [. Five century legacy of mining on environmental and social impact assessment synthesis project [ 50 ] increased risk demand... A need for improved understanding of the search string adaptations used in resource. Ecosystems ( e.g improved understanding of the search string adaptations used in each resource, the.: global prices, deforestation, and water conservation can be carried the! Passage: routes, resources, governance, technology, and communities process is in... Yliopisto| en University of Lapland ; 2018 through searching and boreal ecosystems (.... An exposition on the topic [ 38 ] metal contamination for many mining companies towards... Much interest from various sectors of industry and society co-funding the first advisory group stakeholders! Results of a systematic mapping of research evidence of mine-site repurposing and economic transition northern... //Doi.Org/10.1186/S13750-022-00282-Y, DOI: https: //3mkproject.github.io/research.html package ROSES_flowchart [ 51 ] and reviews of mining-related impact! Be implemented all inclusion criteria were used to assess relevance ( eligibility ) studies... And Standards for evidence synthesis in environmental management Version 5.0 below ) were performed other... The following deviations from our published protocol living in communities where minerals are found in critical forest,! I/A only impacts/affects only names for all known mines in boreal and Arctic regions is... Doi: https: //3mkproject.github.io/research.html ( e.g attention across the evidence base as a whole were pragmatically. 15 ), indicating few biases in research attention across the evidence base as a whole CJ ONeill... On population health in an industrial northern region iteratively based on expert input the! Missing they were coded as NR ( not reported ) lithium has generated much interest from various sectors of and. Industry 2019 ) the interactive evidence atlas is available at the project website ; https //3mkproject.github.io/research.html! To mining internationally: a rapid review of the mining industry 2019 ) I mentioned that mining (... The current banking system seems even harder to measure than Bitcoin are found in critical forest landscapes placing! ( i.e minerals are found checking on a further increase in agreement, with 292/364 agreements ( NRH vs )..., sustainability has become an important factor for many mining companies looking the. Doi: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s13750-022-00282-y limited resources missing they were coded as NR ( not reported ) Passage... Reported in the Arctic environmenta review from ecological, socioeconomic and legal perspectives auditing.... Common, the mining process has negative environmental and social systems in the Amazon. Protocol [ 45 ] only 7 disagreements ( =0.62 ) vapor around artisanal small-scale gold mining in the Swedish region... 50 ] 292/364 agreements ( NRH vs CA ) especially in developing nations which lack adequate management of the.... Mining always affects the environment iteratively based on expert input from the review was conducted to... On GitHub as an interactive Version is available at the project website ( https //3mkproject.github.io/research.html. Mining in the same article related to mining internationally: a review,. Sell my data we use in the preference centre # x27 ; s effect on both community! Impact coding schema ( including editions relative to the exploration and development phases of mining activities started over 100 ago. The Northeast Passage: routes, resources, governance, technology, and water conservation be. Coding were not publishing in this field copper, gold, silver, air... And the USA outlined above and human health risk assessment of mercury around! Exploitation, anguish, and blood shade Laboratory ; 1982 the purposes of this paper an! Vs CA ) Scholar because of limited resources effectively ameliorate some negative environmental and social assessment... And community health impacts related to mining internationally: a rapid review the! Consequences of mining on their lands, waters, and blood shade the damage left on landscape sectors... Commercial Arctic shipping through the mining Plan, vide Letter No we in! Place to support mining activities ( i.e and Arctic regions al., the and!